contractual entry strategies. Question: Contractual entry strategies in international business are cross-border exchange in which the relationship between the focal firm and its forgein partner is governed by an explicitly contract. contractual entry strategies

 
Question: Contractual entry strategies in international business are cross-border exchange in which the relationship between the focal firm and its forgein partner is governed by an explicitly contractcontractual entry strategies  Contractual entry strategies 2

It is a form of outsourcing. 1. 2 Franchising as an expansion strategy 3. Under contract manufacturing, a company arranges to have its products manufactured by an independent local company on a contractual basis. Thus, exporting is the cheapest mode available among the rest and is preferable to a business enterprise with little experience of international markets. Using a central platform to manage the entire process and analyze data can improve contract workflows. drive early entrants out of the market. Project contracting strategies depend primarily on the Owner’s objectives. Our firm recommends the following market entry cycle: a) Brief: Discussion of the current business situation. 6 Network and Relationships Importance for Huawei 42. Contractual Modes of Market Entry. Access International Business: The New Realities [RENTAL EDITION] 5th Edition Chapter 15 solutions now. none of the aboveContractual entry modes include licensing, turnkey construction contracts, and management contracts. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What entry strategy gives a firm the right to manufacture another firm's product or use its trademark for a royalty fee?, What form of business ownership is a contractual agreement whereby someone with a good idea for a business sells others the rights to use the business name and sell a. Each strategy has its own advantages and disadvantages that. Foundation Concepts • Contractual entry strategies in international business: Cross-border exchanges in which the relationship between the focal firm and its foreign partner is governed by an explicit contract. , 2005) to function. political and legal environments. More than a third of the sales of toys and non-electronic games worldwide are generated through licenses. Be that as it may, in the. [1] 1. Chemawat (in Deresky) developed a CAGE strategy of global entry that is an abbreviation of. GSPs are ambitious, reciprocal, cross-border alliances that may involve business partners in a number of different country markets. Course. The difference between a franchise contract and a licensing contract is that a. Market entry strategies involve market entry. S. • Intellectual property: Ideas or works created by firms or individuals, such as patents, trademarks, and copyrights. A) initiation of meetings with intermediaries B) matching of market needs to company abilities C). The choice of international strategy has long-term implication for MNCs. contractual market entry strategies. Cross-border exchanges in which the relationship between the focal firm and its foreign partner is governed by an explicit contract. Becoming a “habitual” supplier of products and services to loyal customers. 2 The Entry Mode . 2. It is therefore recommended for the provision of financial services in the U. Offers you a passive source of income. International Business: The New Realities, 5th Edition caters to a post-millennial student audience, the most diverse and educated generation to date. market size. B) They are more susceptible to volatility and risk compared to FDI. In this section, we will explore the traditional international-expansion entry modes. There are many different ways to enter a market, and the most appropriate method depends on the. Chapter 14 Licensing, Franchising, and other Contractual Strategies Opening: Harry Potter; The Magic of Licensing386 • Warner Brothers has exclusive licensing rights to the Potter series • Warner allows companies to use Potter realted images on manufactured products in exchange for royalty • Licensing process is self generating o Each new Harry. What is a contractual entry mode? Contract Manufacturing: – This entry mode is a cross between licensing and investment entry. -diversify sales-gain international business experience (low cost, low risk) Developing an Export Strategy: A Four-Step. alexis_pflumm. market entry strategy: right to adopt entire business system. While the pandemic has led Indian companies to work more frequently with global partners in virtual environments, it remains to be seen whether this is a permanent shift in business practices. _____ represents a market entry strategy whereby one company permits a foreign company to make use of its patents, know-how, technology, company name, or other intangible assets in return for a royalty payment. Cultural, Administrative, Geo-political and Electronic level. However, the focus in this chapter is on M&A as a market entry or expansion mode. How does LEGO generate royalties by using contractual entry strategies? (LO 15. Exporting is a low-risk strategy that businesses find attractive for several reasons. This research process involves legal counsel and international distributors. Market Entry Strategies. The quality of its production, the ability to adapt to the preferences of buyers and a meticulous licensing strategy are the main factors that have led to the firm's remarkable success in the U. The investment entry mode is the one that requires the most commitment on the part of a company, in terms of both management time and financial and human resources. 2. The way that the intellectual property is used depends on the details of the contract. make it easy for later entrants to win business. Terms in this set (17) Contractual entry strategies in international business. Acquisition is a good entry strategy to choose when scale is needed, which is particularly the case in certain industries (e. but secures a contract to provide extensive onsite technical and management support. A company that decides to enter the international market. e. This case studyThey are governed by a contract that provides the focal firm with a moderate level of control over their foreign partner. We reviewed their content and use your feedback to keep the. 1. Some strategies also work better with certain types. Each mode of market entry has advantages and disadvantages. Strategic Management Chapter 7. Second, some firms find it less risky and more profitable to export existing products, instead of developing new ones. Contractual entry strategies in international business are cross-border exchanges in which the relationship between the focal firm and its foreign partner is governed by an explicit contract. Franchising as an entry strategy 5. If a small business wants to take the least risky strategy to enter its first foreign market, it would choose which of the following global entry strategies? Exporting. Abstract and Figures. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Low-control Strategies (Exporting and Counter-trade & Global Sourcing), Moderate-Control Strategies (Licensing, Franchising and other Contractual Strategies, Project Based (non-equity) collaborative ventures), High-Control Strategies (Minority-owned and Majority owned equity joint. 9 Types of Foreign Market Entry Strategies. This systematic literature review. There are two major types of market entry modes: equity and non-equity. It is a particularly useful strategy if the purchaser of the license has a relatively large market share in the market you want to enter. 1 Joint ventures It is a business agreement in which the parties agree to develop, for a finite time, a new entity and. However, the story is very different when firms. 102) 67) Which of the following is a contractual entry mode in which a company owning intangible property grants another firm the right to use that property for a specified period of time? A) franchising B) licensing C) management contract D) strategic alliance. These different modes imply different levels of ownership and control (Erramilli and Rao, 1993; Contractor and Kundu, 1998a,. They are governed by a contract that provides the focal firm a moderate level of control over the foreign partner. cross-border contractual relationships share several common characteristics. 15. entry strategies based on strategic considerations of exploitation and augmentation of knowledge andThis strategy requires direct foreign investment from the company. Introduction to International Business Venturing Abroad • 1 minute. Direct Investment. LicensingThe internationalization theory provides a dynamic view of entry mode strategy and recognizes . 1. firm gives another firm the right to produce/market its product in a specific country in return for royalties. They typically include the exchange of intangibles and services. 15. Royalties are responsible for protecting the owner of patents and they are usually abided by agreement that give others space to use property (Bonadio, 2015). The licensee will provide the majority of the infrastructure in most situations. Key marketing strategy #1: LEGO’s phenomenal market entry strategy. Royalties are responsible for protecting the owner of patents and they are usually abided by agreement that give others space to use property (Bonadio, 2015). It is two-fold, dealing with both outbound and inbound licensing. all of the above e. How does LEGO generate royalties by using contractual entry strategies? 15-2. Let’s look at the two main contractual entry modes, licensing and franchsing. A contractual entry mode in which a company that owns intangible property (the licensor) grants another firm (the licensee) the right to use that property for a specified period of time Franchising A contractual agreement in which one company (the franchiser) supplies another (the franchisee) with intangible property and other assistance over. In contractual entry modes, the _____ between a focal firm and its foreign partner is governed by an explicit contract. Licensing is an arrangement by which the owner of intellectual property grants another firm the right to use that property for a specific time period in exchange for royalties or other compensation. 2 Understand licensing as an entry strategy. Diff: 1: Easy Skill: Application Objective: 15-1: Explain contractual entry strategies AACSB: Analytical Thinking 7) An industrial design is intended to _____. While extant research revolves around the level of resource commitment and control in foreign activities, non-traditional. Previous question Next question. Sets with similar terms. Exporting is an effective entry strategy for companies that are just beginning to enter a new foreign market. economic, political and demographic power. 2. According to Buckley et al. There are two major types of market entry modes: equity and non-equity. Resource commitment in an emerging market is examined in terms of the degree of control of the entry strategy employed. g. B. View Test prep - 8793_MAN3600_Test_4 from MAN 3600 at Florida State University. Contractual entry strategy _____ in international business refer(s) to a cross-border exchange in which the relationship between the focal firm and its foreign partner is governed by an explicit contract. Intellectual property. Explain what steps a firms should take to launch a collaborative venture with a foreign partner successfully. (2018. These modes of entering international markets and their characteristics are shown in Table [Math Processing Error] 7. . 2. saralarabara. INVESTMENT ENTRY MODE. First, we contribute to international market entry research by identifying reciprocity as a non-contractual mode that has been largely ignored in. Market entry strategies involve market entry. Question: 2 Exporting and foreign direct investment are the two most frequently employed contractual entry strategies Select one: of 2 True nation False . , 2010: 60). We define franchising as a strategy mainly used by service companies, that allows the franchisee to use a business model, processes or brand name for a fee, to conduct. Q: In 2008 Time Warner, Inc. The alliances often advance common goals, secure common interests, or leverage resources and. Terms in this set (17) Contractual entry strategies in international business. As discussed in Chapter 8, all but exporting are also methods to accomplish corporate strategies in their domestic markets to diversify their portfolio. Test. Entry mode choice is a function of a firm's strategy to increase its competitiveness, efficiency, and control over resources that are critical to its operations. International-Expansion Entry. Having identified two gaps in the research on international market entry and on the institution-based view, we argue that reciprocity supported by informal institutions can help close these two gaps. internationalization and entry strategies employed as a tool, in executing their international marketing goals, this will allow us to have deeper insight on how firmsA contract management strategy is a business tool for implementing and overseeing all stages of a contract to increase efficiency and decrease risk. However, many foreign distributors have faced several issues due to mistakes such as lack of clarity of the contract terms, not inclusion of certain provisions, incorrect interpretation of Chinese legal system and. , contract based entry strategies are a _____ mode. A brief overview of the different modes of entry into emerging market opportunities. Focal firm has moderate level of control over the foreign partner. threats, (3) resources required for each entry mode and defensive strategy to be deployed, and (4) the time required to use each entry mode and. Licensing and franchising are examples of transfer-related market entry strategies. contractual agreements. True Infringement of intellectual property is the unauthorized use or reproduction of products and services protected by a patent, copyright, trademark. What makes up a contractual entry strategy? (3) 1. Contractual entry strategies in international business are cross-border exchanges in which the relationship between the focal firm and its foreign partner is governed by an explicit contract. View All. doc from ADMN 05 at The Islamic University of Gaza. In international business, choosing the right entry mode is essential to maximize the success of your international expansion. cross-border exchanges in which relationship between focal firm and foreign partner is governed by explicit contract. Global Market Entry Strategies. This assignment on market entry strategies. There are several market entry methods that can be used. The licensor provides no technical support or assistance in most. direct investment O d. Try it freeVerified Answer for the question: [Solved] Before undertaking contractual entry strategies abroad, management _____. After studying this chapter, you should be able to: 15. Wholly owned subsidiaries. They often enjoy complete de facto strategic and operational control (Contractor and Kundu, 1998b; Dunning, 1988). b. , 2000). 4. “Entry Strategies: Modes of Entry”, section 5. Joint venture E. A. Market entry strategies refer to a company’s goals, plans and decisions in regard to which market to enter, when to enter and how to enter (taking into account opportunities, threats and customer needs). via export modes) or both production and marketing operations there by itself. Turnkey projects. A contract management lifecycle has three key focuses ⁠— creation, negotiation, and. These modes of entering international markets and their characteristics are shown in Table 6. Its managers are assigned to the specific hotel property in the host country on deputation to run it on a day-to-day basis. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Contractual entry strategies in int'l business:, Contractual Entry Strategies:, Unique Aspects of Contractual Relationships: -They are governed by a contract that provides the focal firm with a _____ level of control over the foreign partner. 3, there are trade-offs in the selection of the method of entry to another country. 1 International-Expansion Entry Modes; Type of Entry Advantages. The decision of entry mode strategy is the most critical decision in international expansion. Chapter 16 pg. Firms need to evaluate their options to choose the entry mode that best suits their strategy and goals. At the same time, export modes rely on the absence of tariff barriers, and the relationship with buying. The investment entry mode is the one that requires the most commitment on the part of a company, in terms of both management time and financial and human resources. that foreign market entry strategies usually accord with the sequential stages of Exporting, Competitive alliances, Acquisition /foreign direct investment. The Coca-Cola Company is the world’s largest beverage company. As shown in Figure 9. , Patents provide inventors the right to. Contract manufacturing B. Contractual entry strategies 2. Contractual entry strategies in international business Cross-border exchanges where the relationship between the focal firm and its foreign partner is governed by an explicit contract. One of the advantages of direct exporting for company include more control over the export process. -Choose going in alone or collaboration. CONTRACTUAL ENTRY STRATEGIES Two common types of contractual entry strategies are licensing and franchising. g. , Which of the following is a potential disadvantage to licensing?, Which of the following is a general term that refers. D) Focal firms use contractual relationships as an advanced entry strategy in foreign. A firm wishing to expand into foreign markets can use contractual entry strategies, foreign direct investment, and exporting, among other strategies. This partnership can occur between businesses, non-profit organizations, or government entities. 1. The non-equity modes category includes export and contractual agreements. 26 terms. make it difficult for later entrants to win business. Avoids the cost of establishing local manufacturing operations, and it helps the firm achieve experience curve and location economies. b) Market research: Data collection and profound survey to understand industry, rivals, and perspectives. In addition, firms employ other contract-based approaches to venture abroad. Having an effective contract management process helps businesses in accelerating contract review and execution. Exporting is the direct sale of goods and / or services in another country. 2) Licensing Services. Zhao et al. Intellectual Property. Definition. When to enter them and on what scale. ex: Starbucks has used direct ownership, licensing and franchising for shops and products. 1 Joint VentureIn this study, international entry mode choice is examined in a franchise setting. This chapter examines the management contract and the key components that shape its success as an entry mode. 5. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like ________ is defined as a contractual arrangement whereby one company makes a legally protected asset available to another company in exchange for some form of compensation. A firm wishing to expand into foreign markets can use contractual entry strategies, foreign direct investment, and exporting, among other strategies. - As entry strategy, licensing requires neither substantial capital investment nor extensive involvement of licensor in foreign markets. Semester 2, 2017/18 ATW 395/3 International Business Learning Objectives. Pros and cons of different market entry modes – a study of Finnish companies entering the South Korean market Anna Långbacka Master’s Thesis International Business Management 2018 . cross-border exchanges where the relationship between the focal firm and its foreign partner is governed by an explicit contract. Contract Manufacturing Examples. firm can pursue individually or in conjunction with other entry strategies 4. Offers you a passive source of income. The contractual arrangements ( CA ) mode of entry is in most cases a stepping stone to international production. Definition: Market Entry Strategies are the plan, methods or channels available with the firm to expand their business in the new target market within and across nations. Ideas or works created by individual firms, including discoveries and inventions; artistic, music, and literary works; and words, phrases. At the same time, some contractual modes of entry can prevent a company from taking full advantage of large market growth. Typically include the exchange of intangibles and services. Different entry modes differ in three crucial aspects: The degree of risk they present. The non-equity modes category includes export and contractual agreements. The question about the right international strategy is often divided into five major subjects: (1) Market entry as part of a general strategy, (2) the selection of target markets, (3). $ 151. contractual entry investment entry. There are two major types of market entry modes: equity and non-equity. It’s a low-cost, low-risk option compared to the other strategies. The simplest form of entry strategy is exporting using either a direct or indirect method such as an. Entry Strategies (With real world examples) | Internationa…In international business, choosing the right entry mode is essential to maximize the success of your international expansion. Licensing as an entry strategy 3. The leading toymaker that is sure in the building block toy market with a market share of eighty five percent globally. The Five Common International-Expansion Entry Modes. (2004) differ between ownership-bas ed entry modes (OBEs) and contract based modes (CBMs). Contract management refers to the process of creating, negotiating, assessing, and monitoring a contract’s performance to ensure that both parties fulfill their obligations. There are three primary types of contracting strategies include: Storage and retrieval strategies for digitizing and storing your contracts and related documents. Answered by PrivateWombatMaster624. Which of the following is a contractual entry mode? Turnkey operation. an entry strategy requires decision on (1) the choice of a target product/market, (2) the objectives and . Turnkey projects could be considered especially with significant customers and as a specific type of project marketing as actors through the network of. An international licensing agreement allows foreign firms, either exclusively or non-exclusively, to manufacture a proprietor’s product for a fixed term in a specific market. Contractual entry strategies in international business Click the card to flip 👆 Cross-border exchanges in which the relationship between the focal firm and its foreign partner is. , licensing and franchising) have lower up-front costs than investment modes do. This lecture includes: Entry Strategies for Emerging Markets, Competitive Levels, Product-Market Fit, Business Environment, Entry Strategies, Export Entry Modes, Contractual Entry Modes,. Ch09. 15. These same reasons make exporting a good strategy for small and midsize companies that can’t or won’t make significant financial investment in the international. licensing). Definition. Low cost of entry into an international market. Contractual modes involve the use of contracts rather than investment. turnkey operation O c. Chapter 8. Contractual Entry Modes 2. Market entry strategy, simply put, is the planned method of delivering goods or services to a target market and distributing them there. Explain what steps a firms should take to launch a collaborative venture with a foreign partner successfully. 2. Direct investment. Respective advantages and disadvantages will be analyzed. ideas or works created by individuals or firms, including discoveries and inventions; artistic, musical, and literary works; and words. However, if a. , 75 percent) joint venture is a contractual entry mode strategyContractual entry strategies in international business are cross-border exchanges in which the relationship between the focal firm and its foreign partner is governed. International Entry Decisions • 2 minutes. Contractual entry strategies Licensing does not bear the costs and risks of investment and avoids political/economic Restrictions in a country. INVESTMENT ENTRY MODE. Licensing is governed by a licensing agreement, which involves a one-time transfer of property or rights for a fee. However, afterBuild trust, build interpersonal relationships, get to know each other, build an informal network between the 2 firms managers. Registration: Not necessary: Mandatory: Training and support: Not provided: Provided:. Licensing and franchising are especially salient contractual entry strategies. Skill: Concept Objective: 15-1: Explain contractual entry strategies AACSB: Application of Knowledge 3) A cross-border contractual relationship, which is governed by an explicit contract, provides the focal firm with _____ over the foreign partner. Bibliography. Exporting The most commonly used entry strategy that is both profitable and of low risk is based on the sale of product directly in the focused market with no. Advantages of Licensing and Franchising. Starbucks doesn’t cultivate coffee and has no plantations in which they grow, harvest and cure coffee beans. 3. Our solutions are written by Chegg experts so you can be assured of the highest quality!3. High costs and risks. Firms need to evaluate their options to choose the entry mode that best suits their strategy and goals. 55. MASTER’S THESIS Arcada Degree Programme: International Business Management Identification number:With contract manufacturing as a strategy of foreign market entry, it is likely that the manufacturer will take over the entire process of producing the goods, especially if it is rather easy and coherent, as for example the German skin-care products company Beiersdorf, which transfers production of its Nivea cream for the Philippinean market. International Business: The New Realities, 4e (Cavusgil) Chapter 15 Licensing, Franchising, and Other Contractual Strategies _____ is a fee paid periodically to compensate a licensor for the temporary use of its intellectual property, often based on a percentage of gross sales generated from the use of the licensed asset. Now, let’s look at 9 proven international market entry strategies. That means, entry mode strategies are often massive, irreversible, and can influence the performance of the firm in the long run. Increases revenue and profits. 5 Contract Manufacturing 54. The following sub heading will discuss how licensing impacts market entry in the United States. Franchising is a contractual international market entry mode as a licensing agreement when an organization wants to enter a foreign market quickly with low risk and resource commitment. The advantages and disadvantages of the market entry strategy are as follows: Advantages. 3 billion). entry; contractual entry (involving contractual modes such as licensing, franchising, contract . They outsource all that work to focus on serving their customers across the world. The Indian partner with which the foreign entity forms a strategic alliance should be already carrying on business in the same field or area. 2 Franchising. Currency rate used The current exchange rate used in this thesis for the U. How does LEGO generate royalties by using contractual entry strategies? LEGO is the leading toy manufacture within the building-block toy industry with 85% market share globally. Step 2: Determining market feasibility. A company that decides to enter the international market by investing equity in a. 1 Licensing. Licensing is an arrangement by which the owner of intellectual property grants another firm the right to use that property for a specific time period in exchange for royalties or other compensation. In addition to the standard license process, a company will assist in establishing the business with the design, equipment, organization, and marketing. As discussed in the preceding chapter, entry mode choice is seen as “a critical component” in the process of internationalization (Morschett et al. The. This theory considers both location and ownership . Contract manufacturing and franchising are two specialized . governed by a contract that provides the focal firm with moderate level of control over the foreign partner 2. Franchising is a form of licensing, which is most often used. (1995) introduced a comprehensive foreign market entry decision framework. Disadvantages. , visiting the country; importance of relationships to finding a good partner; use of agents. Contract Manufacturing. 1. This loss occurred predominantly because Time Warner took a charge for asset impairments of $24,309 million, ($24. The rising rate of globalization is prompting brands across the world to ‘think global’. Dynamic, emerging markets in Asia and Latin America, as well as large, stable markets in North. Contractual entry strategies in international business. Foreign market entry modes. This is an example of _____. Definition. Stategic Alliances. 4 Understand franchising as an entry strategy. 1) Selling Consultancy Services. Exporting is an effective entry strategy for companies that are just beginning to enter a new foreign market. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Third, firms that face seasonal domestic demand. 4. Beyond importing, international expansion is achieved through exporting, licensing arrangements, partnering and strategic alliances An international entry mode involving a contractual agreement between two or more enterprises stipulating that the involved. Zhao et al. international experience. Exporting. To achieve the objective of internationalization, a company should take three factors into account and then choose appropriate entry modes. FDIs have been portrayed as effective market entry strategy in the United States Market. Buying more time to build a reputation. Show transcribed image text. A. Foreign direct investment (FDI) D. the role of management in the choice of entry mode. 7. Joint ventures. Table 8. Preview. The time required to implement entry modes to foreign markets may strongly vary: contract-based entry modes usually entail quicker realization compared to equity-based entry modes. 5. Professor Root offers recent examples of. Process. Buying more time to build a reputation. 1. Mainly three modes of entry into foreign markets can be exercise. Types of Contractual Relationships Licensing An arrangement in which the owner of intellectual. In the last section, section 2. Need thoughtful strategy to tackle dissimilarities at different levels (global, macro, micro) Entry strategies depend on numerous factors including ; Size of the market, business environment ; Product-market fitThis course focuses on the challenges and opportunities associated with organizational management and business strategy in emerging economies. Question: There are many types of marketing entry strategies, to include exporting, contractual agreement, strategic alliance, and foreign direct investment. The Five Common International-Expansion Entry Modes. Reduces political risk as in most cases, the licensing or franchising partner is a local business entity. The franchisor exercises enormous control over the franchisee’s business regarding the quality of service provided, marketing and selling strategies, etc. Contractual entry strategies in international business. Global Entry Strategy A Global Entry Strategy is the planned method of delivering goods or services to a new target market and distributing them there. Franchising. Licensing is a contractual agreement whereby one company (the licensor) makes a legally protected asset available to another company (the licensee) in exchange for royalties, license fees, or some other form of compensation. , 2016). The non-equity modes category includes export and contractual agreements. Contr actual Entry Str a tegies Licensing: arr angemen t in which the owner of int ellectual pr operty gr ants a firm the right to use that pr operty f or a specific time period in e xcha nge f or ro yalties or other comp ensation1) A company is able to enter a market that has restrictions on foreign companies. Question: Question 17 Not yet answered Contractual entry strategies in international business are cross-border exchanges in which the relationship between the focal firm and its foreign partner is governed by an explicit contract. Licensing concerns a product rights or the method of production marketing the product rights. cludes both entry mode strategy and international market selection. Royalties. Export describes business activities where goods and/or services are sold outside the country in which the major value-added activities took place. Foundation Concepts • Contractual entry strategies in international business: Entering a formal agreement with a distributor, joint venture firm, or other partner abroad - Often involves granting permission to a foreign partner to use intellectual property • Intellectual property: Ideas or works created by firms or individuals, such as patents, trademarks,. Export modes are low-cost entry strategies, which provide companies with a quick entry route into the foreign market. Licensing or Franchising partner has knowledge about the local market. What are the two types of business entry modes. Foreign direct. In a contract manufacturing business model, the hiring firm approaches the contract manufacturer with a design or formula. Allows for diversification. What are the two types of business entry modes available into a. Easing entry and exit of companies through: A low-cost entry into new industries (a company can form a strategic partnership to easily enter into a new industry). S. The general question that will be answered in.