orbital welding rental. MIG / TIG welding sets : 12 Pioneer Sector 1 Singapore 628423: Tel (65) 6862 0508: Fax (65) 6862 0609:Terms and Conditions of sale and rental of Orbitalum products through E. orbital welding rental

 
 MIG / TIG welding sets : 12 Pioneer Sector 1 Singapore 628423: Tel (65) 6862 0508: Fax (65) 6862 0609:Terms and Conditions of sale and rental of Orbitalum products through Eorbital welding rental 2 Orbital Welding System—Series 5 Series 5 Weld Head Is for outside weld joint diameters from 1/8 to 5/8 in

pipe diameter. Rent or Lease Welding And Cutting Equipment From Red-D-Arc. Contact the Eastern Canada Sales, Service & Rental Center. Call Digital Welding Systems and Apollo Solar Welding at 408-567-0232. Training on the welding system is also available. Simply rent and stay flexible. Blackwood, New Jersey USA. Coatesville, PA Service Company*, Custom Manufacturer $1 - 4. Was:. Pipe Cutter and. Many operators use open weld heads for larger wall thicknesses or increased pipe breadth due to the open design of the arc. Delivering consistently high quality welds, the Mobile Welder Plus is the first portable orbital welding power source from Orbitalum Tools purposely designed for use in the field as well as in the shop. comAxxair SAXX-201 Orbital TIG Power Source. Red-D-Arc Welderentals experts will showcase an orbital saw, facer and a welding system in the booth this year. Rent your welding equipment from the largest provider of welding and welding-related rental products and services in North America. Particularly suitable for welding all common microfittings. . Airgas, an Air Liquide company, and the leading U. CC121 1/4" to 4 1/2" Ø pipe range. Curriculum could include sizes 1/8” to 6” O. Perfect for Thin Wall Tubing. com. For more information, reach out to us today at (610) 384-8484. Preloaded with settings for standard tube diameter sizes, wall thicknesses, tube materials, weld heads, and welding gases. With the use of an automated system, orbital welding can complete welds in a fraction of the time that manual welding takes. Rapidly Advancing Technologies | Since 1998, Critical Systems, Inc. Get quotes on the most up-to-date welding equipment. Frequency: 50 Hz. FeaturesThe Swagelok M200 Orbital Welding System offers precision and control combined with easy-to-use touch-screen operation for orbital welding. Two-way Delivery S$ 160. • Welds 1/8” to ½” tube diameters. , we have a selection of AMI welding equipment for individuals to browse through. Our expert technicians are ready to help you leverage the latest technology to improve the efficiency and quality of your next pipe welding project. Orbital welding was first used in the 1960s when the aerospace industry recognized the need for a better joining technique for aerospace hydraulic lines. However, if your business uses orbital welding. Orbital Welding Equipment. Whether you're TIG welding micro diameter stainless high purity tubing or MIG welding 120" OD vessels or pipe in the field, we have a solution to fit your application. Upcoming events, new products and branch openings. Axenics specializes in performing cleanroom orbital welding services as well as vacuum manifolds in tubing ranging from ⅛-inch diameter to 4-inch diameter. ESAB Mech-tig 4000i orbital welding system power. Find. Features of the welding system software: Automatically detects the weld head on connect. Previous post. The AMI 207 Orbital Welding Power Supply is a highly advanced and reliable welding machine designed for precision welding in a variety of industrial applications. Our expert technicians are ready to help you leverage the latest technology to improve the efficiency and quality of your next pipe welding project. Our rental. Let Us Equip and Train Your Team. (CSI) has been providing Gas Cabinet, Valve Manifold Boxes & Gas Abatement Systems (Gas Cabinets and Gas Scrubbers, etc. KG. Axxair Fusion. Processes: Stick, TIG, MIG, Air Carbon Arc Cutting, Flux-Cored. 1. The GF 6 allows cutting of high-alloy steel (stainless steel), low and unalloyed steel, plastics, casting materials and non-ferrous. Energia Saudi Arabia: Welding Equipment Rentals. They work with the Semiconductor, Biotech, Pharmaceutical industries and more. Orbital Welding. Connect. We have the following tools available to help you with your installation: Orbital Welding System – rent a state-of-the-art welding system capable of welding from 1/8 tube OD through 4" tube OD. com. 5" (190,5 mm) OD, in wall thicknesses up to 0. Orbitec have set the trend in orbital welding technology since 1984. To find your closest Red-D-Arc branch please enter your ZIP code or city and state or choose from the list below. S$ 399. Closed Orbital Weld Heads. Rental Quote. Catalogs and brochures from Orbitalum Orbital Cutting & Welding. 5 kg) Full: 77. With solutions from Arc Machines Inc. . The process involves the use of an orbital welding machine that rotates an electrode around the. AXXAIR designs, manufactures, and distributes its orbital tube working machines ever since the company's foundation in 1997. It features advanced programming capabilities, a user-friendly interface, and superior arc stability for consistent and high-quality welds. No Job Too Big or Small. Red-D-Arc rents the most advanced orbital welding systems on the market today. Take a look at our current stock below, all available for Worldwide shipping. Red-D-Arc rents the most advanced orbital welding systems on the market today. These include PW (Purified water),WFI (water for injection), Pure steam, and. Deals mostly in orbital welding system rentals, repairs, new and used equipment sales. Red-D-Arc rents the most advanced orbital welding machines on the market today. We manufacture automated welding/cutting equipment, portable in-place machining tools, CNC pipe-cutting machines, pipe spool fit-up stations, and mini weld-lathes. control the weld bead profile. Orbital Welding Equipment Rentals from MIT Inc. 1-866-RED-D-ARC (1-866-733-3272) Airgas, an Air Liquide company, is the nation's leading single-source supplier of gases, welding and safety products. Orbital Welder Rentals. For over 50 years, POLYSOUDE has provided customers with its expertise in automated welding with TIG Cold Wire, TIG Hot Wire and PLASMA processes. To accommodate your short term needs we have a wide range of tools and equipment available for rent by the day, week or month. Serves the aerospace, brewery, food, chemical, pharmaceutical, power generation, paper, semiconductor, shipbuilding, wastewater treatment, oil and gas industries. 1. The Mobile Welder is a portable orbital welding power source that is quite simple and intuitive to operate. The equipment joins pipes to each other and to fittings using filler wire. ANT RENTAL #orbitalwelding #. Sanders & Strippers for Rent (25) Sanders & Strippers for Rent. Digital Welding Systems offers a wide range of orbital welding and cutting equipment, tools, supplies and services. The Smart Welder can be integrated into the network via the integrated LAN interface: All welding data and programs of each. Our rental fleet offers precise and durable power supply options for our customers’ needs in a slew of present-day industries. We also supply our very own lines of MIT consumables and accessories. New welding equipments can take a toll to the pocket. ISI is a premier provider of orbital welding solutions for process piping industries or anywhere that extremely high-quality welds are needed and TIG is the preferred process. This wouldn’t make financial sense. Service Location: Pan India. S$ 180 /D. Items available for rental: Swagelok® M200 Orbital Welding System – Lightweight, portable power supply with a variety of weld heads. Orbital welding is a type of welding that uses an electrode that is moved in a circular or elliptical motion to weld pipes and tubes together. S. Upon receipt of the certificate, the operator is qualified for TIG orbital welding with the ORBIMAT CA/SW. The unit has thousands of pre-loaded weld procedures for a range of materials. Lo. We offer rental and lease-to-own programs for our orbital welding systems and accessories. Today, orbital tube welding serves a wide range of high-technology industries that require tubing systems such as aeronautics and aerospace, biopharmaceutical processing, food and. RENTALS SEC Industrial is a fantastic resource of commonly used orbital welding rentals and supplies. With a steadfast commitment to excellence, we provide the solutions you need to achieve precise and reliable welds in the most demanding environments. Orbital Welders, Pipe Cutters, and Tube Facers. ESAB AMI M217 Orbital welding power supply. • Uses a cassette style enclosure to hold small tubing. It is designed to work with all AMI’s orbital fusion weld heads and is capable of welding tube and thin wall pipe. LEFON Orbital Pipe Saws are the cost effective and reliable solution to square cut and bevel almost all types of metal pipe. Contact Us Today (847) 484-9100 sales@orbitalum. Rapidly Advancing Technologies | Since 1998, Critical Systems, Inc. Mobile Welder Plus; Smart Welder; OM 165CA Orbital Welder; Orbital Fusion Weld Heads. In summary, automated pipe welding not only enhances weld quality and productivity but also aligns with the growing demand for smart, data-driven solutions in modern industries, ensuring a competitive edge for businesses that embrace this technology. Rapidly Advancing Technologies | Since 1998, Critical Systems, Inc. 250″ (6. us. 5” diameter tubing. g. Southwest Region. Our rental pool includes almost all machines and equipment that we also have in our sales assortment. New Product Added to Quote Request. PRECISION WELDING SUPPLY is a company based out of Coatesville, Pennsylvania, United States. Orbital Fusion TIG Welding. With the largest welding equipment rental fleet in North America, Red-D-Arc can provide you with competitive rental rates on welders, positioners, generators, and specialty equipment like plasma cutters. 184 K. Energia is proud to be associated with Red-D-Arc Welderentals, the leader in welding rental corporation in North America. Orbital Welder Rentals. we stock products for all your pipe clamp, cutting and beveling, tube squaring purge monitoring and video probe needs. The weld is carried out in an inert atmosphere inside a welding gas chamber, to protect against. We carry a large inventory of different brands to accommodate all of our customers’ needs. 10,000 Watts 120/240 Volt AC Auxiliary Power. Available tools and accessories include. Red-D-Arc Welderentals. 5in (3mm-12. In addition to this, these rental services are executed at industry-leading rates. (CSI) has been providing Gas Cabinet, Valve Manifold Boxes & Gas Abatement Systems (Gas Cabinets and Gas Scrubbers, etc. Similar Site Search. Arc Machines, Inc. has years of experience repairing orbital saws and tube facing tools from brands such as GF, Axxair , E H Wachs, Tri-Tool, and T+C. The synchronisation of the impulse current and plasma gas needs an appropriate control system. List of decontamination-of companies, manufacturers and suppliers in MinnesotaRed-D-Arc Port-A-Weld manipulator system, a single-pass, full-penetration keyhole welding technology which performs a six-hour TIG weld in under three minutes - just 1% of the time normally required. 010" (perpendicular cuts). com. View and Submit Quote. The Lincoln APEX 2100 Orbital Welding System is the most advanced orbital TIG system on the market today. supplier of industrial gases, welding technologies, and safety products, announced today that its Advanced Fabrication Technologies team will be exhibiting at FABTECH® 2018. At SEC Industrial Inc. Critical Systems, Inc. Smart Welder; Mobile Welder Plus; OM 165CA Orbital Welder; Orbital Fusion Weld Heads. sanitary (hygienic) processing systems. 5 mm to 13. Project Management Support. Orbiweld 12 Weld Head 0. Contact. 305 amps DC Output at 100% Duty Cycle. Claim Your Company; Advertise. With its maintenance free optical sensor, the ORBmax. SEC Industrial serves the process piping, aerospace, power generation, oil and gas, shipbuilding, and various piping industries. ), and Orbital Welding Rental, Lease, Repair and Training Services related to process tool facilitation for Semiconductor, Biotech, Pharmaceutica. tritool. Location Details. Phase: Single Phase. 3 lbs (35. 9 Mil 2004 1-9. Combine precision and control with easy-to-use touchscreen operation, we provide rental orbital welding. The TIG welding power source provides and controls the pre-set welding parameters according to a specific welding programme created and/or stored for each specific job. In der Florinskaul 13 D-56218 Mülheim-KärlichOrbital Tools NZ is a leading supplier of specialist engineering equipment for pipe, tube, sheetmetal and plate fabrication serving clients nationwide! 0 NZD, $ USD, $ EUR, € AUD, $ CAD, $ GBP, £AXXAIR has been designing, manufacturing its very own orbital tube working machines since 1997. AMI's product line encompasses the entire spectrum of orbital welding from the smallest diameter, thinnest wall high-purity tube welds to the heaviest application of cladding or narrow gap wire-fed pipe welding. Example: AMI welding. 770-331-7473. provides expert on-site orbital & manual welding services, shop pre-fabrication, operator training and welding consultation. From pipe cutting clamshells to portable Millhog equipment, we have precision tools for a variety of applications. It features quick-change saddles (no tools required), graduated feed and a high visibility design to enhance productivity. Welding, repair and calibration services are available. For more information about our rental program, including rates and equipment/tool availability, contact us at (02) 062 1599 or email to swagelokthailand@mjbangkok. Their core business lies in the global tube working process: preparation, cutting, bevelling or squaring and orbital welding. Read. Orbitec have set the trend in orbital welding technology since 1984. Pipe Size Ranging From 6″ to an Unlimited Diameter. CAGE/NCAGE #1RPX6; DUNS #610895732. Coatesville, PA Service Company*, Custom Manufacturer $1 - 4. CC121 1/4" to 4 1/2" Ø pipe range. (CSI) has been providing Gas Cabinet, Valve Manifold Boxes & Gas Abatement Systems (Gas Cabinets and Gas Scrubbers, etc. S$ 900 /W. ABN International FZCO are the leading Stockists and Suppliers of the highest quality Welding Consumables - Welding Wires, Welding Electrodes (Stick Electrodes), TIG Wires, Submerged Arc Wire and Fluxes etc, Welding Machines & Equipment, Automatic Orbital Welding Systems for Pipes, Sandblasting and Waterjet Garnet (30/60, 20/40, 80 Mesh). The Model 8 series orbital weld heads are designed for fusion (TIG) welding of tube, thin-wall pipe, and fittings through the range of 0. United Rentals’ welders are sourced from industry-leading manufacturers, ensuring you get reliable, high. Aver Asia has partnered with trusted brands to provide customers with quality welding machines that meet industry safety standards. Orbital. Pune, Maharashtra. General guidelines for quality welding. Stop by our rental center, call us directly at 508-757-1464 or Get an Online Quote410-750-7906 Sales@FLUIDGUY. Welding equipment rentals for petrochemical contracting allow you to scale in and out of the job and take on the most challenging jobs, even if you don’t own a fleet of high-end machines. Orbital Weld Training from Swagelok Southwest. Orbital Cutting & Welding. Beginning with the Model 107 fusion tube welder in 1979, and the Model 207 in 1989, AMI set the industry standard for reliable commercial orbital fusion welding systems for over 30 years. Contact Us Start Service Request Schedule Demo Get in Touch Whether you're looking for equipment, training, or repairs - we're ready to find the right solution for your application. We offer four-hour, 24-hour, weekly and four-week rental fees. Attend a hands-on training course to help you get up and running with orbital welding. Semiconductor Orbital Welding Training: Includes ultra-high purity field installation & protocol training courses to meet or exceed SEMI Standards. Manufacturing · Idaho, United States · 50 Employees. Our orbital welds achieve 100% penetration to ensure meeting the customers’ specifications. Mobile Welder Plus; Smart Welder; OM 165CA Orbital Welder; Orbital Fusion Weld Heads. us. Polysoude focuses since 1961 on TIG welding and is an expert in Plasma. See more ideas about welding, tig welding, welding tools. is the original expert in and the single source for your orbital welding equipment rental needs. Houston, TX. (4 mm). Critical Systems. Cost Savings. The remote provides immediate response through tactile feedback buttons. Orbital Welding System Series 20 Weld Head. Orbital welding is an automated process in which an electrode is rotated in an orbit around a part joint on a rotor using gears and motors. M200 Power Supplies. The knowledgeable staff at our Shrewsbury location near Boston are ready to take care of your welding equipment related needs. Keep your fleet up to date and leave the maintenance to us. 7 mm (1 1/3"). Renting isn't limited to Orbital Welding equipment. comPrecision Welding Supply. Ergonomic handle for operator comfort. Read more about bulk delivery of liquid argon and argon gas. Orbital MIG & TIG welding systems , intended for tube and pipe joining, incorporate all necessary components including clamp-one weld heads, operator pendants, controllers, welding power sources, water coolers. The MIT Inc. – The State-of-the art Swagelok orbital welding system is capable of welding from 1/8-4" OD tubing. We are an authorized and certified repair center for both Arc Machines Inc. We sell and rent our specialty tools and orbital welding equipment to assist a plethora of industries. Read. Local Sales and Service Support Center; Units are delivered complete; Training and support is provided throughout your rental period; Orbital Welding Training Training available locally or at the Swagelok Factory in Solon, Ohio. Series 20H Weld Heads. GSI Machinery provides rentals, sales and training for automated orbital welding machines for both pipe and tube both TIG and MIG welding processes. On-site technical assistance, training and support is. Get a Quote. John W. Our goal is to satisfy our customers' requirements. Visit our new weld automation equipment location. Welding accessories: Welding equipment rental: Fabrication and Services: ASME coded pressure vessel: Water & chemical injection package: Custom piping & pipe stools: Glycol dehydration package:. Swagelok's Welding System M200 is available for rental or for purchase. Self-Pickup. by 18 in. (CSI) has been providing Gas Cabinet, Valve Manifold Boxes & Gas Abatement Systems (Gas Cabinets and Gas Scrubbers, etc. 9 Mil 2004 1-9. Page Welding Consulting Ltd. Our orbital rental fleet is. Contact Us. As our most powerful power supply, it can handle any metal you throw at it!. The feature-rich Model 217 P WDR addresses the needs of a wide range of industries: biopharmaceutical, semiconductor,The helpful staff our Edmonton branch in Sherwood Park, AB are ready to take care of your welding equipment related needs. 75″) make it quick and easy to set up onsite. While our GF series of stainless steel tube saws cut precisely, for best results tube ends require machining prior to orbital welding. Weld Heads (from 1/8″ to 6″) Est. , we have a great orbital welding equipment rental program for our customers. Company. g. , we have a great orbital welding equipment rental program for our customers. Advertisement. Orbital Welder Rentals Red-D-Arc rents the most advanced orbital welding machines on the market today. Pipe welding equipment helps to solve these issues in several ways. 5 Plus, PS 6. Critical Systems. 12 in. Location Details. 2 mm) of travel. ), and Orbital Welding Rental, Lease, Repair and Training Services related to process tool facilitation for. AMI orbital welding heads and power supplies are known for their lasting performance and consistent weld quality Precision Welding Supply. Orbital Welding. Trend Setting Innovations. Specialists in Orbital Welding Consultation, Service, Parts and Rentals. Our team works closely with AMI, AXXAIR, Magnatech, ESCO Tool, and more. The Model 9 series of AMI orbital welding heads are designed for fusion (TIG) welding of tube, pipe, fittings or other cylindrical components. Contact Us Today (847) 484-9100 sales@orbitalum. We offer a wide range of welding equipment, welding positioners, manipulators, generators, welding machines and other special welding tools for rent and lease. Digital Welding Systems offers a wide range of orbital welding and cutting equipment, tools, supplies and services. uk alternatives. Our equipment is sourced from leading manufacturers, ensuring increased productivity and efficiency for any project size. Call today for specialised welder rentals at competitive prices. The Swagelok M200 Orbital Welding System provides precise control of welding variables, including current, electrode travel speed, and OD shield gas flow to produce consistent and repeatable gas tungsten arc welds (GTAW). Customer Survey. contact_phone. Our Company has a well-known name in the market for offering the best quality Orbital Welding Machine On Rent. Leave a detailed message other times -- thank you. Meets ASME specifications. View Joshua Elliott's business profile as Software Engineer at Critical Systems, Inc. Programming and operation of systems. This equipment is available for rental only. MIT Inc. Designed for Harsh Environments. 25" to 12. Austin Orbital welding projects to combat corrosion with Hastelloy welding. com. Basic purging techniques. . Our expert technicians are ready to help you leverage the latest technology to improve the efficiency and quality of your next pipe welding project. Available in ten sizes and three versions, they can be configured over 60 different ways and can accommodate diameters from 3/32” (2,3 mm) to 7. View special price offers online or Call 1 866 733-3272. Our team is manufacturer trained and certified, giving them vast knowledge and. Series 5H Weld Heads. GSI Machinery provides orbital welding rentals, automated pipe welding machines and portable. AMI 9-500 Orbital Fusion Weld Head. Gas Cabinet Systems, Orbital Welding. M200 Power Supplies. V. Contact Us Today (847) 484-9100 sales@orbitalum. By leveraging our high quality PurposeBuilt machines and custom machining engineering solutions, our highly skilled service technicians deploy quickly, saving you time and money. Orbital welding is a faster and more efficient welding method than manual welding. Collapse. We’re experts in helping you to rent the right equipment for your. $200. Rent welders, generators, induction heaters and more. The business development leaders at Morgan Industrial Technology travel across the United States demoing equipment from some of the biggest names in orbital welding. Orbital Cutting & Welding. Unmatched Performance. Our expert technicians are ready to help you leverage the latest technology to improve the efficiency and quality of your next pipe welding project. For precision and quality - you also have the chance to. Feedback. 35 mm) to 4. A new orbital welding rental solution will be debuted for fusion welding, tube-to-tube welding, as well as tube cutting and beveling. This welding process is specifically designed to automate TIG welding, specifically for pipe and tubing. >> Argon: Industries and Applications. Orbital Cutting & Welding. Welding, repair and calibration services are available. tubing and smaller is 10 SCFH. AMI orbital welding heads and power supplies are known for their lasting performance and consistent weld qualityPrecision Welding Supply. Model. Every AMI machine that leaves our facility is QC’d to ensure quick setup and ease of use. Andrew Wright, Engineering Manager. Bug-O Welding System Rentals: Bug-O's Modular Drive System lets you configure one machine for many automated welding tasks, producing top quality. For more details, call us at 859-581-3940, or e-mail [email protected]″) make it quick and easy to set up onsite. However, Hammer has a solution that melds manual and orbital welding techniques. 3. 4 mm) of x-axis travel and 106 inches. The narrow width of these heads makes them ideal for fitting-to-fitting welds and other limited-clearance. Swagelok’s Orbital Welding System’s unique modular fixturing provides the versatility to weld numerous tubing, pipe, and component combinations required for system fabrication. We realize that the purchase of equipment like Orbital Welders, Bench Top Benders and Facing Tools may not always be your best option. Country of Origin: Made in India. AXXAIR focuses on the global tube working process: orbital cutting, beveling, squaring, and welding. Axxair Orbital Pipe Saws. Orbital Welding Power Supplies. Our expert technicians are ready to help you leverage the latest. We have both fusion AMI welding systems and several AMI orbital pipe. Orbital Welding System – rent a state-of-the-art welding system capable of welding from 1/8 tube OD through 4" tube OD. Scranton, PA 18508. 2 orbital welding stations. Email Sales & Rentals; P 704-334-1100 | F 704-342-0998; Home; Orbital Welding; Tungsten Grinders; Saw Guides; Products. We offer both as-needed and subscription rental programs to ensure our customers have the tools they need when they need them. com. Submerged arc wire feeders and automatic equipment for subarc welding deposit more weld metal at fast travel speeds. and Magnatech orbital welding equipment. Concrete buggies. Saw Guid es This patented product that we offer allows you to. Tucker's greatest goal in this role is to strive for quality and efficiency in his repairs. MIG – Gas Metal Arc Welding ( GMAW ), Tungsten Inert Gas ( TIG) also known as Gas Tungsten Arc Welding ( GTAW ), Stick – Shielded Metal Arc Welding ( SMAW ), Flux-cored – Flux-cored Arc Welding ( FCAW) and Plasma Arc Welding ( PAW ). | 358 followers on LinkedIn. Rental, repair and calibration services are also available. Instead, they have to do with orbital welding being a relatively rare and niche process. The decision to rent or buy orbital welding equipment is largely dependent on your specific circumstances, including your budget, project requirements, and long-term business goals. Red-D-Arc rents the most advanced orbital welding systems on the market today. With unmatched repeatability, precision, and dependability, the 514 is the go to tool for welders across the North America. Send Us A Message Contact Info Contact Us Via Phone Call Us (417) 485-4575 Contact Us Via Email Email. -TP Open Arc Wire Feed Welding Heads. Swagelok® M200 welding system, it’s easy to make precise, consistent, quality welds. 918-645-3411. 35 mm) wall thickness. ANT RENTAL & SERVICES 79 followers 3d One of our happy rental customers. Sometimes, rental equipment is the right option. Orbital welding systems, oscillating pipe welding systems, and Bug-O welding systems are mechanized welding machines that automatically put the torch at the optimum angle at all times. Orbital welding requires accurate control over heat input. Magnatech’s new digital technology reduces the requirement of periodic weld. Our expert technicians are ready to help you leverage the latest technology to improve the efficiency and quality of your next pipe welding project. J. Not all stores rent equipment and some may have limited equipment as well. Neeraan internations offers welding machines for rent in Riyadh, Jubail, Jeddah. Top 77 Similar sites like alphaweld. - techsouthinc. com. In addition, they provide Orbital Welding Rental, Lease, Repair and Training Services related to process tool facilitation.